What are common symptoms associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Choosing "All of the above" is justified because urinary tract infections (UTIs) typically present multiple symptoms that reflect the irritation and infection in the urinary system.

Painful urination, known as dysuria, is a prominent feature of UTIs; it occurs due to inflammation of the bladder and urethra. This often leads to discomfort during the act of urination, which can be quite distressing for individuals experiencing the infection.

Frequent urination is another common symptom, as the infection may irritate the bladder lining, leading to the urge to urinate more often than usual, even if only small amounts of urine are produced each time.

Cloudy urine is frequently observed in individuals with UTIs due to the presence of bacteria, pus, or blood, all of which can alter the appearance of urine. Additionally, there may be a foul-smelling urine, which can further indicate an infection.

Since all these symptoms—painful urination, frequent urination, and cloudy urine—are frequently associated with UTIs, selecting "All of the above" encompasses the full spectrum of common signs indicating the presence of this condition.